Mesoscopic Physics

 

Quantum dotsThe physics of matter on an intermediate scale between the microscopic ( $10^{-10}\mbox{m}$) and the macroscopic ( $10^{-3}\mbox{m}$) has become an increasingly active area of research over the past two decades, which has come to be known as mesoscopic physics. Technological advances have made possible the fabrication of artificial structures of reduced dimensionality: the two-dimensional quantum well, the one-dimensional quantum wire, and the zero-dimensional quantum dot. Quantum confinement and/or coherence effects in these structures, together with the enhanced role of electron-electron interactions, leads to a panoply of novel mesoscopic phenomena.

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